General Knowledge about ENVIRONMENT

01 The biggest energy source on the surface of the earth is Solar radiation
02 The acid found in soil is Humic acid
03 Burning of fossil fuels releases Carbon-di-oxide
04 The place referred to as the Valley of Death is Cubatao in Brazil
05 The Valley of Flowers is located at Garhwal in Himalayas
06 The element found abundant in the crust of the earth is Oxygen
07 99 percent of the crust of earth is composed of Elements
08 The crust of the earth is called Lithosphere
09 The type of soil found in the dessert is Aridisols
10 Acid rain was discovered by R.A.Smith
11 The simplest and least polluting way of deriving energy is Solar energy
12 Junk of appliances and vehicles is known as Solid Waste
13 Oceans are ecologically divided into how many regions Five
14 Uranium miners more frequently suffer from Cancer
15 Textile workers more frequently suffer from Byssinosis
16 Coal miners more frequently suffer from Black lung diseases
17 The type of living beings more sensitive to nuclear radiations are Mammals
18 The most acute pollution problem faced by nuclear power industry is Disposal of nuclear waste
19 Excessive inhalling of manganese causes Pnemonia
20 Hay fever is due to the presence of which thing in the air Pollen
21 The metal which causes systemic poisoning in man is Lead
22 Dust containing silica causes Silicosis
23 Intensive use of nitrate fertilizers causes Methemoglobinemia
24 The most economic and pollution free form of transport is Bicycle
25 The main source of harmful radiations in our house can be due to Televisions
26 The most recently discovered ecosystem is Vent
27 The most biologically productive ecosystem is Alluvial plains
28 Ecologists divide divide lakes into how many zones Three
29 Death valley is located in which dessert Nevada
30 Man first cultivated crops in which age Neolithic
31 Sheep were initially dpmesticated for Meat and milk
32 The industrial chemical which increases the chance of developing Leukemia is Benzene
33 The Royal society for the Protection of Birds was formed in 1889 AD
34 `Man and the Biosphere'an ecological programme was launched by UNESCO
35 Chemicals which get rid of pests are called as Pesticides
36 The living beings which are known as teritary consumers are Meat-eating animals
37 A motor car produces least amount of pollution while Moving
38 The first living beings who established themselves on rocky slopes were Lichens
39 Birds evolved on earth during the Jurassic period
40 Water covers about how many percent of the earth's surface Seventy
41 Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley
42 Oxygen was discovered in August 1774
43 The word `Oxygen'was coined by Antonie Levoiser
44 When something burns in air, it combines with oxygen and the process is called Oxidation
45 When we breather,oxygen combines chemically with glucose in the body to create Energy
46 The two major components of air are oxygen and Nitrogen
47 The French chemist who showed that air was the same all around the world was Henri Regnault
48 William Ramsay discovered that air also contained tiny traces of Inert gases
49 The gases which are slow to react with other chemicals are called Inert gases
50 The air surrounding the earth is forever on the move because of Sun's heat
51 A space with nothing in it is called Vacuum
52 Air pressure is related to density of air. This was discovered by whom in 1662 AD Robert Boyle
53 Earth's atmosphere has how many layers Five
54 Moon gets very hot and very cold as it has no Atmosphere
55 78 percent of the atmosphere is Nitrogen
56 21 percent of the atmosphere is Oxygen
57 The atmospheric layer immediately around the earth is called Troposphere
58 The second atmospheric layer is called Stratosphere
59 The third atmospheric layer is called Mesosphere
60 The fourth atmospheric layer is called Ionosphere
61 The fifth atmospheric layer is called Exosphere
62 Human beings inhale what and give out what Oxygen,carbon dioxide
63 Plants inhale what and give out what Carbon dioxide,oxygen
64 Bubbles in soda water is due to presence of Carbon dioxide
65 Ozone is actually a form of Oxygen
66 We are protected from ultraviolet radiation from the sun due to the presence of Ozone layer
67 The main culprit which is destroying the ozone layer is CFC gases
68 The main green house gas is Carbon dioxide
69 As one goes higher in the atmosphere,air pressure Decreases
70 As per Daniel Bernoulli,whenever air moves,its pressure Drops
71 The most common compound on earth is Water
72 Life originally emerged from Water
73 About how many percent of the world's water is solid Two
74 Less than how many percent of the world's water is fresh water Three
75 The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere is known as Humidity
76 Any substance that dissolve in the water vapour it absorbs is said to be Deliquescent
77 Henry Cavendish proved that water was a compound which included Hydrogen
78 The french chemist who showed that water was a simple compound of hydrogen and oxygen was Antoine Lavoiser
79 In case of heavy water,oxygen combines with Deuterium
80 A special type of hydrogen with an extra neutron in its nucleus is Deuterium
81 Heavy water can be extracted from ordinary water by the process of Distillation
82 In every water molecutl,there are how many hydrogen atoms and how many oxygen atoms Two,one
83 Water expands when it is Frozen
84 Oxygen condenses at a temperature of -183.c
85 The ultimate source of nearly all our energy is the Sun
86 Solar cells turn light energy from the sun into Electrical energy
87 Two types of basic energy is Potential energy,kinetic energy
88 Energy that is not doing anything but is simply stored for action is called Potential energy
89 Energy in the nucleus of an atom is called Nuclear energy
90 As per the Law of Conservation of

Important Airlines of the world

01 B.O.A.C. ENGLAND
02 Air France FRANCE
03 Lufthansa German Airlines W.GERMANY
04 Pan American World Airways System U.S.A.
05 Trans-world Airways U.S.A.
06 Aero-flot U.S.S.R.
07 Alitalia ITALY
08 Quantas Empire Airways AUSTRALIA
09 Air-India INDIA
10 Sabena BELGIUM
11 Arana Afghan Airlines AFGHANISTAN
12 Cathay Pacific HONGKONG
13 Finnair FINLAND
14 Iberia SPAIN
15 Japan Airlines JAPAN
16 Garuda Airways INDONESIA
17 KLM Royal Dutch NETHERLANDS
18 Bruathens NORWAY
19 Scandinavian Airlines System NORWAY
20 Swissair SWITZERLAND
21 Pakistan International Airlines PAKISTAN
22 Royal Nepal Airlines NEPAL
23 Air-Ceylon SRI LANKA
24 Thai Airways International THAILAND

Important Solved Paper from HISTORY OF THE WORLD

01 The first Olympiad was held in Greece in the year 776 BC
02 Rome was founded in the year 753 BC
03 The Great wall of China was built in the year 214 BC
04 The first voyage around the world was undertook by whom in 1522 Magellan
05 The first President of USA was George Washington
06 Which Battle marked the end of Napoleon era Waterloo
07 The American War of Independence was fought between America and Great Britain
08 Adolf Hitler was also known as Fuhrer
09 The first woman in world to become the Prime minister of a country was Sirimao Bandara Naike
10 The Emperor of Germany who dismissed his Chancellor Bismark in 1980 was William II
11 Two Presidents of USA were father and son.Their names were John Adams & Quincey
12 The UNO came into existance in 1945 AD
13 The king of England before Elizabeth II was George VI
14 Queen Elizabeth I ascended the throne of England in the year 1558 AD
15 The Statue of Liberty of New York was a gift from France
16 Hitler's secret service was also known as Gestapo
17 The last Emperor of Rome was Romulus Augustus
18 Florence Nightingale was known as Lady of the Lamp
19 Mao Tse Tung died in the year 1976 AD
20 In 1806,the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved by Napolean
21 The country which celebrates Independence day on 15th August, apart from India, is South Korea
22 The first World War ended in 1918 AD
23 The US President who was forced to resign due to the Watergate scandal was Nixon
24 The Second World War ended in 1945 AD
25 The first communist manifesto was issued in 1848 AD
26 The first Prime Minister of Independent Kenya was Jomo Kenyatta
27 Malenkov became the Soviet Prime Minister after the death of Stalin
28 The first British Prime Minister was Sir Robert Walpole
29 The French revolution took place during the years 1789-1799 AD
30 The British Commander who surrendered before the Americans and French at York town in 1781 was Lord Cornwallis
31 The American War of Independence was faught during the years 1775-1783 AD
32 Stalin became the Premiere of USSR in 1924 AD
33 Lenin was succeeded by Stalin
34 In the Second World War,atomic bombs were dropped in Japan which destroyed Hiroshima
35 Leningrad was built by Peter I
36 White House,the residence of the President of the USA is located at Washington DC
37 In European History,the year 1848 is known as Year of Revolution
38 The first Prime Minister of Israel was David Bengurian
39 The English King who was prepared to exchange his kingdom for a horse was Richard III
40 Nixon was succeeded by Gerald Ford
41 Nixon resigned in the year 1974 AD
42 The First World War broke out in 1914 AD
43 In the year 1959,Chinese occupied Tibet
44 A big Naval expedition sent by Philip II against England was known as the Spanish Armada
45 Magna Karta is also known as the Bible of English Constitution
46 The king who was forced to sign the Magna Karta was King John II
47 Winston Churchil died in the year 1965 AD
48 Battle of Britain was fought in the year 1940 AD
49 Hitler launched Operation Barbarossa in 1941 against the Soviet Union
50 Bolschevik Revolution took place in 1917 AD
51 Christopher Columbus died in the year 1506 AD
52 De Champlain was a French Explorer
53 China was also known as Chung hua
54 Alexandria was founded by Alexander
55 In the first Punic War fought in 264-261 BC,the Romans defeated Carthaginians
56 Modern Parliament was introduced by Edward I
57 The Disease which struck Europe in the 14th Century was Plague
58 In the thirteenth Century,Russia was overun by Mongols
59 In 1260,the Mongol army was defeated by the armies of Islam at Ain Jalut
60 Timur died in the year 1405 AD
61 The first colony established by the English in north America was Jamestown
62 Henry IV was assassinated in 1610 AD
63 The War of the Grand Alliance was fought during 1689-97 AD
64 The War of the Spanish succession was fought during 1701-14 AD
65 In 1707,the two countries who became united were England and Scotland
66 Napoleon crowned himself as Emperor in 1801 AD
67 Napoleon brought a detailed revision of the French Legal System called as Code Napoleon
68 In 1805,the French fleet was destroyed at The Battle of Trafalgar
69 The unification of Italy took place during 1858-1870 AD
70 The unification of Germany was carried-out during 1864-1870 AD
71 In 1870,Germany waged war with France
72 In 1822,the country which was declared an independent empire was Brazil
73 Abraham Lincoln,the American President was a republican from Illinois
74 The 1849 Gold-Rush was due to gold discovered at Northern California
75 Between 1836-1847,USA was at war with Mexico
76 In 1898,USA was at war with Spain
77 In 1867,USA purchased Alaska from Russia
78 In 1770,James Cook,the English Captain landed at Botany Bay of Australia
79 Suez Cananl was opened in 1869 AD
80 In 1818,the Zulu Kingdom was founded by Shaka
81 In 1911,Italy invaded Libya
82 King Leopold was from Belgium
83 The Union of South Africa was formed in 1909 AD
84 In earlier times,Turkey was referred to as The sick man of Europe
85 In 1877,Russia went to war with Turkey
86 In July 1914,Austria invaded Serbia
87 In August 1914,Germany attacked France
88 In the first World War,German forces were defeated Grumbinnen by Russia
89 In the first World War,Austria fought alongside Germany
90 In the first World War,Austria & Germany were known as Central powers
91 Finland Won Independence in 1917 from Russia
92 In 1935,Italy attacked Ethiopia
93 Benito Mussolini was the dictator of Italy
94 Mein Kampf was written by Adolf Hitler
95 Adolf Hitler was the dictator of Germany
96 In a mass genocide,Hitler targetted The Jews
97 In 1939,Hitler and Stalin concluded the Nazi-Soviet Pact
98 The Bolschevik revolution occurred in 1917 AD
99 Franco came to power in Spain in 1939 AD
100 Hitler's Nazy party came to power in 1933 AD
101 In 1940,Germany defeated Poland
102 In 1940,Germany invaded France
103 Winston Churchill was the premier of Britain
104 In December 1941,Japan attacked Pearl Harbour
105 In June 1941,Hitler launched Operation Barbarossa
106 Operation Barbarossa was launched against Soviet Union
107 In 1942,Russians broke the German front at Stalingrad
108 In 1942,British defeated the Africa Corps at El Alamein
109 The Marshall Plan was launched in June 1947
110 The European Ecomic Community was formed in 1952 AD
111 The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 AD
112 In 1937,Japan attacked China
113 In the first World War, Japan allied with Germany
114 Pearl Harbour is located in Hawai
115 During the first World War,America's President was Roosewelt
116 In February 1942,Singapore fell to Japan
117 Indonesia became independent in 1948 AD
118 Phillipines became independent in 1946 AD
119 Malaya became independent in 1957 AD
120 The Cultural Revolution was launched in China in 1966 by Mao Tse-tung
121 Prior to its Independence,Korea was a Colony of Japan
122 The Korean War was fought in 1950-53 AD
123 Tibet is presently occupied by China
124 During 1945-52,Japan was occupied by United States troops
125 In 1997,Hong Kong was reunified with China
126 Ghana became independent in 1957 AD
127 Before independence Ghana was a colony of Britain
128 The earlier name of Ghana was Gold Coast
129 Kenya became independent in 1963 AD
130 Zimbabwe became independent in 1976 AD
131 Before independence,Zimbabwe was a colony of Britain
132 Zaire became independent in 1960 AD
133 The earlier name of Zaire was Congo
134 Before independence,Zaire was under the control of Belgians
135 Before independence,Angola was under the control of Portuguese
136 The unpopular practise of South Africa was Apartheid
137 South Africa withdrew from the British Common Wealth in 1961 AD
138 In 1994,the African National Congress won the elections in South Africa under the leadership of Nelson Mandela
139 The popular leader of Cuba is Fidel Castro
140 In 1990,Iraq attacked and occupied Kuwait
141 In 1979,Afghanistan witnessed invasion by Soviet Union
142 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty was signed in 1991 AD
143 During the Gulf War,Iraq fought under the leadership of Saddam Hussein
144 The Shah of Iran was overthrown in 1979 AD
145 Ayatollah Khomeini was the religious leader of Iran

Important General Knowledge Questions

01 The unit of frequency is Hertz
02 The unit of resistance is Ohm
03 The device which makes or breaks a circuit is Switch
04 The path of an electric current is known as a Circuit
05 Device which opposes the flow of electric current is known as Resistor
06 Arc Lamp was invented by C.F.Brush
07 Television was invented by J.L.Baird
08 Transistor was invented by J.Bardeen,W.Shockley and W.Brattain
09 The unit of wavelength of light is Angstrom
10 A device which converts light into electricity is known as Photo cell
11 Hertz was the first to discover Radio waves
12 Marconi invented Radio
13 In 1901,Marconi beamed a signal from Cornwall in England to Newfoundland
14 Thomas Edison was an American inventor
15 A glass tube with two electrodes is called a Diode
16 Lee de Forest was an American scientist
17 Lee de Forest discovered the Triode
18 Radio and television transmit signals using Electromagnetic waves
19 To turn pictures into electrical signals,television Cameras rely on Photo-electric effect
20 Transistor was invented in the year 1948
21 The first electronic components invented were the Thermionic valves
22 Microchip was invented in the year 1958
23 Microchip was invented by Jack Kilby
24 The microchip invented first was also the first Integrated circuit
25 Silicon and germanium are ideal examples of Semi conductors
26 LED stands for Light Emitting Diode
27 The first computer was invented in the year 1834
28 The first computer was invented by Charles Babbage
29 The first computer invented was called Analytical Engine
30 In the present day electronic machines,computers function as Artificial brains
31 CAD means Computer Aided Design
32 CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
33 RAM stands for Random Access Memory
34 J.J. Thomson was a British physicist
35 In 1897,J.J.Thomson discovered Electrons
36 A device used for increasing the strength of electric signal is called Amplifier
37 The height of a wave is called Amplitude
38 An electron carries a charge Negative
39 In a transistor,a base is the Filling in the semiconductor sandwich
40 The tube behind the screen in TVs and most computers is called Cathode Ray Tube
41 The force which makes an electric current is called Electromotive Force
42 Device used for measuring small amounts of electric current is called Galvanometer
43 Sound too low to be heard by humans is called Infrasound
44 VDU stands for Visual Display Unit
45 One kilobyte is approximately 1000 bytes
46 DOS stands for Disk Operating System
47 WORD STAR is a popular Word processing programme
48 WORD STAR was developed by Micro pro Company
49 PC stands for Personal Computer
50 ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit
51 The VDU and Keyboard together form a TERMINAL
52 The speed of the dot matrix printers is measured by CPS which stands for characters per second
53 The speed of the line printers is measured by LPM which stands for Lines per second
54 DBMS stands for Database Management System
55 IBM is a famous computer company.IBM stands for International Business Machines Corporation
56 ROM stands for Read Only Memory
57 The actual machine of the computer is commonly known as Hardware
58 The programs run on the computer are commonly known as Software
59 All the output which is printed on paper is called Hard Copy
60 The number of pixels on a computer screen determines a screes's Resolution
61 A processor's speed is measured in Megahertz
62 A software that assists the computer in performing instructions,is called as system software
63 CAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacturing
64 DPI stands for Dots per Inch
65 DTP stands for Desk Top Publishing
66 EPROM stands for erasable and Programmable Read only Memory
67 A magnetic storage disk made out of a thin piece of plastic is called Floppy Disk
68 A pictorial representation of the step by step sequence for solving a problem is known as a Flow Chart
69 A measure of storage capacity equal to one thousand megabytes is one Gigabyte
70 A variable whose value is accessible throughout the program is called Global Variable
71 A huge,worldwide network of computers that communicate with each other,allowing global communications between users is known popularly known as Internet
72 KB stands for Kilobyte
73 LAN stands for Local Area Network
74 A printer which uses light to transfer the image to paper is the Laser Printer
75 Memory which retains all its contents even after the power is turned off is known as Non-Volatile Memory
76 The result that is generated by the computer after processing the information provided to it is known as Output
77 Electronic mail is more popularly known as E-Mail
78 PILOT stands for Programmed Inquiry Learning Or Teaching
79 PILOT was developed by Doug Engelbardt
80 IQL stands for Interactive Query Language
81 LOGO was developed by Dr.seymour Papert
82 CAL stands for Computer Assisted Learning
83 APT stands for Automatically Programmed Tooling
84 `C'language was invented by Dennis M.Ritchie
85 Modula-2 was developed by Niklaus Wirth
86 Terminals that have their own memory are called Smart terminals
87 The memory that needs electric power to sustain its contents is known as Volatile Memory
88 MOS stands for Metallic Oxide Semiconductors
89 Dvorak key board was designed by August Dvorak
90 A simple device which functions as a simpler alternative to the keyboard is the Mouse
91 Automatic drawing input device is called Scanner
92 In the second generation computers,magnetic cores were used as Main Memory Devices
93 LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display
94 RADAR stands for Radio Detection and Ranging
95 RADAR works on the principle of Echo
96 software-in-Hardware modules are called Firmware
97 A device by which any microcomputer can use ordinary television set for producing output is called RF modulator
98 EDSAC stands for Electronic Delayed Storage Automatic Computer
99 EDVAC stands for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
100 EDSAC was developed in the year 1949
101 EDVAC was developed in the year 1952
102 ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
103 The most successful computing device in the ancient time was Abacus
104 Use of some mechanism for the operation of a machine is known as Automation
105 Radar contact with the moon was first made in 1945
106 Radar contact with Venus was first made in 1961
107 A system in which information is displayed on a television screen is known as Video Text System
108 A modern means of communication in which the information is stored in a computer at a TV station is known as Teletext
109 Global communication became possible by using Satellites
110 Morse code was invented by Samuel Morse
111 The code used in a teleprinter is the Baudot Code
112 Teleprinter exchange is popularly known as Telex
113 A device which converts sound waves into electrical waves is called Microphone
114 AVC stands for Automatic Volume Control
115 The device used to measure wavelengths of radio waves is Wavemeter
116 A hollow metallic tube used in place of wire in electric circuits carrying high frequency currents is called Waveguide
117 An instrument used to measure the intensity of radiations is the Radiometer
118 An instrument used to measure electrical voltage is the Voltmeter
119 VTVM stands for Vacuum Tube Volt Meter
120 A circuit which maintains a constant voltage is called Voltage Stabilizer
121 SCR stands for Silicon Controlled Rectifier
122 A device used to increase or decrease electric voltageis called a Transformer
123 A magnetic tape that records both audio and video signals is called a Video Tape
124 The first electronic calculator was manufactured in 1963 by Bell Punch Company,USA
125 MASER stands for Microwave Amplification by stimulated Emission of Radiation
126 A computer which can handle a large volume of numbers is called a Number cruncher
127 POST stands for Power on Self Test
128 POST is a test carried out just after the computer has been Switched on
129 An index of the files stored on a disk is called Directory
130 CP/M stands for Control program for Microcomputers
131 CP/M was developed by digital Research Inc.,USA
132 MVS stands for Multiple Virtual Storage Operating System
133 MVS is used in Mainframe computers
134 The process of starting a computer is called Booting
135 A group of four binary digits is called a NIBBLE
136 BPI stands for Bit per Inch
137 A smart card is a multifunctional microprocessor
138 LIPS stands for Logical Inferences Per Second
139 A computerized machine is normally called a Robot
140 A robot is a machine directed by a Computer
141 A robot which resembles a human being is called an Android
142 PL/1 stands for Programme Language-1
143 The language PL/1 has combined features of COBOL and FORTRAN
144 BASIC stands for Begineers All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
145 COBOL stands for Common Busines Oriented Language
146 ALGOL stands for Algorithmic Language
147 ALGOL was developed in the early 1960s in Europe
148 COBOL was first introduced in the year 1961
149 FORTRAN stands for Formula Translation
150 FORTRAN was developed and introduced by IBM in the year 1957
151 PL/1 was introduced in the 1960s by IBM
152 COMAL stands for Common Algorithmic Language
153 BASIC was developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz
154 SNOBOL stands for String Oriented Symbolic Language
155 SNOBOL was developed in 1962
156 LISP stands for List Processing Language
157 LISP was developed by John McCarthy
158 Loud speaker was invented by Rice Kellogg
159 PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory
160 Two types of RAM chips are Dynamic,static
161 Data is fed into the computer by first converting it into Binary codes

General Science Notes For PPSC NTS TEST PREPRATION

01 The theory of relativity was propounded by Albert Einstein
02 The principal metal used in manufacturing steel is Iron
03 An alimeter is used for measuring Altitude
04 Oology is the study of Birds eggs
05 Radioactivity was discovered by Henry Bacquerel
06 The metal used in storage batteries is Lead
07 The instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air is Hygrometer
08 Barometer was invented by Torricelli
09 The unit of power is Watt
10 Radium was discovered by Marie and Pierrie Curie
11 The existence of isotopes was discovered by Frederick Soddy
12 Dynamo was invented by Michael Faraday
13 The nuclear reactor was invented by Enrico Ferni
14 The law of gravitation was propounded by Sir Isaac Newton
15 Crescograph was invented by J.C.Bose
16 Crescograph is used to measure the Rate of growth of a plant
17 Galileo's first scientific discovery was Pendulum
18 Microscope was invented by Aaton Van Leewen Hock
19 The scientist who is known as father of modern biology is Aristotle
20 The first person to see a cell under microscope was Robert Hooke
21 The smallest flowering plant is Worffia
22 The four blood groups were discovered by Karl Landsteiner
23 Sodium was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy
24 The atomic number of oxygen is Eight
25 The basic building blocks of proteins are Amino acids
26 The botanical name of the cotton plant is Gossipium Hirsutum
27 An Electroscope is used to Detect charges on a body
28 The unit of loudness is Phon
29 An ammeter is used to measure Electric current
30 Plant that eat insects are called Insectivorous plants
31 Fruits that are formed without fertilization are called Parthenocarpic
32 Plants that flower only once in their lifetime are called Mono carpic
33 The botanical name for rice is Oryza Sativa
34 Penicillin is obtained from Mould
35 The largest tree in the world is Seguoia Gigantica
36 Herpetology is the study of Reptiles
37 Entomology is the study of Insects
38 Ornithology is the study of Birds
39 Ichtyology is the study of Fishes
40 Osteology is the study of Bones
41 The botanical name for brinjal is Solanum melongenal
42 The botanical name for onion is Allium Cepa
43 The study of sound is called Acoustics
44 The study of heavenly bodies is called Astronomy
45 The study of tissues is called Histology
46 Electric Lamp was invented by Thomas alva Edison
47 The fear of crowd is called Ochlophobia
48 The fear of books is called Bibliophobia
49 The fear of going to bed is called Clinophobia
50 The symbol of gold is Au
51 The symbol of sodium is Na
52 The symbol of Sr stands for Strontium
53 The symbol Rb stands for Rubidium
54 The symbol Md stands for Mendelevium
55 Calcium sulphate is commonly called Plaster of Paris
56 Sodium carbonate is commonly called Washing Soda
57 Sodium chloride is commonly known as Common Salt
58 The chemical name of Chloroform is Trichloromethane
59 The chemical name of baking powder is Sodium bicarbonate
60 The chemical name of bleaching powder is Calcium hypochlorite
61 The formula HCL stands for Hydrochloric Acid
62 The formula H2SO4 stands for Sulphuric Acid
63 The formula CHCI3 stands for Trichloromethane
64 The formula H2O2 stands for Hydrogen peroxide
65 A fungus which can only survive on other living organisms is called Obligate Parasite
66 A plant which lives in the dark is called Scotophyte
67 A plant adapted to live in dry places is called a Xerophyte
68 A plant adapted for growth in water is called a Hydrophyte
69 Bifocal lens was invented by Benjamin Franklin
70 Cement was invented by Joseph Aspdin
71 Laser was invented by Dr.Charles H.Townes
72 Electromagnet was invented by William Sturgeon
73 Rayon was invented by Sir Joseph Swann
74 Thermostat is an instrument used for regulating Constant temperature
75 The science of organic forms and structures is known as Morphology
76 Phycology is the study of Algae
77 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research was established in 1945
78 CSIR stands for Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
79 ISRO stands for Indian Space Research Organisation
80 The first human being to land on moon was Neil Armstrong
81 The first Indian in space was Rakesh Sharma
82 ISAC stands for ISRO Satellite Centre
83 VSSC stands for Vikram Sarabhai space Centre
84 The headquarters of ISRO is located at Bangalore
85 VSSC is located at Thiruvananthapuram
86 ISAC is located at Bangalore
87 National Science Centre is located at New Delhi
88 Central Tobacco Research Institute is located at Rajahmundry
89 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research is located at Bangalore
90 The Atomic Energy Commission was set up in August 1948
91 The first Indian Satellite was Aryabhatta
92 The first Indian Satellite was launched in the year 1975
93 ASLV stands for Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
94 INSAT stands for Indian National Satellite
95 The fear of women is known as Gynophobia
96 The fear of men is known as Androphobia
97 The scientist who developed the Quantum theory was Max Plonck
98 The steam engine was invented by James Watt
99 The botanical name of tea is Camellia Sinensis
100 Logarithms were devised by John Napier
101 The acid used in a car battery is Sulphuric acid
102 The system for writing by blind people was invented by Louis Braille
103 The parachute was used for the first time by J.P.Blanchard
104 The German physicit who first demonstrated the existence of Radio waves was Henrich Hertz
105 The instrument that records the intensity of earthquakes is Seismograph
106 The laws of floating bodies was discovered by Archimedes
107 The density of milk is measured by a Lactometer
108 Fountain pen was invented by L.E.Waterman
109 The instrument used to measure the pressure of gases is the Monometer
110 Bhaskara I was a famous Astronomer
111 The first atomic power station established in India was the Tarapore Atomic Power Station
112 The role of heredity was demonstrated by Mendel
113 The instrument used to measure the concentration of salt water is the Salinometer
114 Spectroscopy is the study of Anders John Angstrom
115 Dactylography is the study of Finger Prints
116 A tangent galvanometer is used to study the Strength of direct current
117 The fruit of Oak is called Acron
118 ZETA stands for Zero Energy Thermonuclear Assembly
119 The formula C6H5OH stands for Phenol
120 Michael Faraday worked as an assistant under another scientist whose name was Sir Humphry Davy
121 Vulcanised rubber was invented by Charles Goodyear
122 The symbol Zn stands for Zinc
123 The symbol He stands for Helium
124 Celluloid was invented by A.Parker
125 Glider was invented by Sir George Caley
126 Safety matches was invented by J.E.Lundstrom
127 Radio valve was invented by Sir J.A.Fleming
128 Space Applications Centre is located at Ahmedabad
129 Atomic Energy Commission is located at Mumbai
130 Dynamics is the study of Movements of bodies
131 Statics is the study of Forces acting on bodies at rest
132 Mechanics is the study of Forces acting on bodies
133 Zoology is the study of Animal life
134 Botany is the study of Plant life
135 Psychology is the study of Human mind
136 The first American to orbit earth was John H.Glen
137 The electro-cardiograph was invented by William Einthoven
138 The molecular formula of cane sugar is C12H22O11
139 A compound which contains only hydrogen and Carbon is called a Hydrocarbon
140 The liquid used to preserve specimens of plans and animals is Formalin
141 The law of segregaton was propounded by Mendel
142 Auriscope is used to detect Ear disorders
143 The three states of matter are Solid,liquid and gas
144 The scientific name for blood platelets is Thrombocytes
145 The response of a plant to heat is called Thermotropism
146 The response of a plant to touch is called Trigmotropism
147 The symbol Zr stands for Zirconium
148 Nickel was discovered by Cronstledt
149 Manganese was discovered by Gahn
150 The common name for pottasium carbonate is Potash
No. Question Answer
151 Bismuth was discovered by Valentine
152 The biggest plant seed is Cocodemer
153 Toxicology is the study of Poisons
154 Virology is the study of Viruses
155 Paleontology is the study of Fossils
156 Calorimeter is used to measure Quantity of heat
157 Chronometer was invented by John Harrison
158 Stethoscope was invented by William Stockes
159 Spinning frame was invented by Sir Richard Arkwright
160 Al stands for Aluminium
161 Gd stands for Gadolinium
162 Ir stands for Iridium
163 Bi stands for Bismuth
164 The Chemical formula of sodium bicarbonate is NaHCO3
165 The chemical formula of common salt is Nacl
166 The chemical formula of washing soda is Na2CO3,IOH2O
167 The chemical formula of lime soda is CaCO3
168 The chemical formula of chloroform is CHcl3
169 The study of grasses is known as Agrostology
170 The study of antiquities is known as Archaeology
171 The study of the duration of life is known as Chronobiology
172 The study of bacteria is known as Bacteriology
173 Nylon was invented by Dr.Wallace H.Carothers
174 Electric razor was invented by Jacob Schick
175 The symbol of silver is Ag
176 The symbol of silicon is Si
177 The symbol of titanium is Ti
178 Calcium oxide is commonly known as Quick lime
179 A deviation of light passing from one medium to another is known as Refraction
180 An apparatus for generation of atomic energy is called a Reactor
181 A machine used for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy is called a Generator
182 The first Indian woman in space was Kalpana Chawla
183 The revolver was invented by Samuel Colt
184 The refrigerator was invented by J.Perkins
185 Which is the only common metal that is liquid at room temperature? Mercury
186 When a fire is caused by an electric short circuit, why must you not throw water? If you throw water on a fire caused due to short circuit, you may be electrocuted because water is a good conductor of electricity.
187 Why do we see lightning much before we hear thunder? This is because light travels much faster than sound. Light travels @ 2.99 x 108 mt / sec (2,99,000 km/sec) whereas sound travels @ 333 mt/sec.
188 Which planet is the closest to the Sun? Mercury
189 Which is the hottest planet? Venus
190 How much time does the earth take to complete a revolution around the sun? 365 % days.
191 Why are whales hunted? For the blubber or the oil in them.
192 Where do platypuses live? In burrows near water.
193 How many days does the moon take to go round the earth? 27 1/3 days.
194 Among the insects that are extant, (that are living still), which is the most ancient? Cockroach.
195 What is meant by fulcrum? Fulcrum is the point about which a bar or lever will rotate, when a force is applied at any distance from that point or axis.
196 What kind of leaves do silkworms thrive on? Mulberry leaves.
197 Why is it dangerous to look at die sun during an eclipse? During solar eclipse, the ultraviolet rays are in such high proportion in sunrays, that they can cause irrepairable damage to the eye.
198 How does a Pitcher Plant eat flies? A Pitcher Plant is hollow and tubular. The surfaces are slippery and they have hairs, which point downwards. When an insect lands on a pitcher plant, it is impossible for it to escape because of the slippery surface and the downward-pointed hairs. It is then easily digested.
199 What is the Indian name for the planet Mercury? Budha.
200 Where in India do the migratory cranes of Siberia settle down? The Rann of Kutch.
201 How many arms does a starfish have? Usually five.
202 What is a solar eclipse? The moon comes in between the sun and the earth, and thereby prevents sunlight from reaching the earth.
203 Who first saw mountains and craters on the moon using a telescope? Galileo Galilei
204 Which is the largest animal on land? African Elephant.
205 Why does a rhinoceros spend so much time in mud? To keep cool and protect itself from insect bites.
206 Which country first used fingerprints to identify people? Assyria and China.
207 In which country was silk first made? China.
208 What is cholesterol? Cholesterol is a fat found in the human body and the body of other large animals. In its pure form it looks like white sugar. It is made up of tiny crystals, which can be seen under a microscope. It is said that too much cholesterol in the blood is responsible for the hardening of arteries and for various other heart ailments.
209 How did the watch get its name? From the fact that you have to watch it to know the time.
210 What is vulcanisation of rubber? The process of hardening rubber by adding sulphur and heating the mixture is vulcanisation. Vulcanisation was discovered by Charles Goodyear. Raw rubber is sticky. It hardens when the temperature is low and softens when it is high. Charles Goodyear discovered that by combining raw rubber with sulphur and by heating it, the rubber becomes stronger and elastic and also resistant to solvents. Today almost all rubber, whether natural or synthetic is vulcanized.
211 When faced with danger what does a Pangolin do? It rolls into a ball.
212 Where is the entrance to a baya's nest? At the bottom of the nest.
213 What is glass made from? Limestone, Silica and Soda ash.
214 What is the microscopic study of plant and animal tissue called? Histology.
215 How does a mariner's compass help the mariner? The needle of the compass always points towards the magnetic north pole. This indicates the direction in which the ship is moving.
216 Which is the second largest planet in our Solar System? Saturn.
217 How many weeks after birth does the young one of a cat opens its eyes? Three weeks.
218 The arms of the Octopus have sucker cups. What is the use of these cups? To hold onto a surface.
219 What food does a bear love most? Honey.
220 How did the Romans rub off what was written on a wooden slate coated with wax? By heating the slate, the wax was melted. The slate became ready to reuse.
221 What are seashells? Outer casings of soft-bodied animals, called molluscs.
222 How is a pearl formed within the body of an oyster? A pearl is formed when a grain of sand or other foreign matter gets between the hard outer shell and the inner coat called the mantle, of a mollusc. The mollusc surrounds the irritation with nacre, a secretion from the mantle. Many thin layers of nacre give the pearl its lustre.
223 How much time does Pluto take to complete a revolution around the sun? 248 years.
224 What is a Catamaran? A boat with twin parallel hulls. [From the Tamil words katta and maram, meaning tied up (katta) tree (maram).
225 How many ears does a spider have? None.
226 How much time does light take to reach the earth from the sun? 8 minutes.
227 What is acceleration? The time rate at which the velocity of a point is changing is acceleration. Velocity is just the speed (miles per hour or kilometres per second). The term acceleration is used when the speed keeps increasing. The term deceleration is used when the speed becomes less and less.
228 How does a spider eat its food? The spider inserts his fangs into the victim's body and uses them as straws to suck out the liquid.
229 Who invented the telescope? Hans Lippershey.
230 Why do people living in the deserts prefer white colour for their robes? White coloured robes do not absorb light, whereas dark-coloured clothes absorb the light and conduct heat to the body.
231 What is common to dolphins and humans? They are both mammals.
232 In which country was the day first divided into 12 parts? Babylon (modern Iraq).
233 How does a rocket move forward? It moves forward due to propulsion. You must have seen that a boatman pushes the water backwards with his oar. This creates a force in the forward direction. This is propulsion. Newton's third law of motion states action and reaction are equal and opposite. In a rocket when hot gases come out of the rear with great force as a result of combustion, a force is created in the opposite direction. This takes the rocket forward.
234 What are the things necessary to start a fire? Heat, fuel and oxygen.
235 How many legs does a butterfly have? Six.
236 Who invented the aeroplane heavier than an air machine that could fly? Orville and Wilbur Wright.
237 Who invented the modern lift? Elisha Otis.
238 Why can't cranes perch on trees branches? They cannot curl their toes. As a result they cannot have a firm grip on a branch.
239 Ancient Sumenans used to write on clay. How could this writing be preserved? By baking the tablets. This would remove the moisture from the tablets and harden them.
240 How big are the tusks of an Indian female elephant? Indian female elephants do not have tusks.
241 Bats cannot see. Then how do they move about? They emit sounds of low intensity, which are reflected from the objects around them. This helps the bats to move about.
242 How does a frog catch an insect? It throws out its tongue, which is sticky and catches the insects.
243 What is a Portuguese Man of War? A name commonly applied to jelly fish, found in tropical seas.
244 Why are oceans important to man? They enable man to travel to distant corners of the world. They also provide food, oil and minerals.
245 What is the transparent portion in front of the eyeball called? Cornea.
246 What is the meaning of the pecking order? Pecking order is an example of hierarchy among animals, particularly hens. In a coup containing hens and cocks, the seniormost cock can peck at all the other hens and cocks in the coup. A hen can peck at others weaker than it, but must permit pecking by senior members in the hierarchy.
247 Who made trains run by steam engine popular? George Stephenson
248 How are volcanoes caused? Deep under the crust of the earth is molten rock or lava, also called magma. It is under great pressure because of the intense heat around it and the weight of the earth's crust. When this hot boiling mass finds an outlet in the underside of the earth's crust, it comes through the surface as lava.
249 What is a male ant called? Drone.
250 How can a frog make such a loud sound? As the frog forces air from the lungs, vocal chords in the voice box (larynx) vibrate to make calls, distinctive of its species. The bulls of some species have air sacs, which help, increase the volume of the sound.
251 Who was the first man on the moon? Neil Armstrong.
252 What is peristalsis? Peristalsis is a type of movement occurring in the hollow organs of animals, which causes their contents to be pushed ahead.
253 What are the main differences between an Indian elephant and an African elephant? The African elephant is much larger in size. Its ears as well as tusks are larger than those of an Indian elephant.
254 What is it that silkworms weave around themselves? Cocoon.
255 Why did Dr. Lister use carbolic acid to cover wounds? To prevent infection.
256 What is the juice of the rubber plant called? Latex
257 Why does the ostrich eat sand or gravel? To digest its food.
258 Which discovery made soap-making a big industry? It was discovered (in 1787) that caustic soda can be made from common salt. Since soap is made from caustic soda and fat, manufacturing soap became cheaper.
259 Who invented the Gramophone? Thomas Alva Edison
260 Which is the largest living bird? Ostrich.
261 Why didn't the British plant rubber in England? Rubber grows only in tropical countries.
262 Why do tigers turn into man-eaters? When tigers become old or are incapacitated because of injury, they prey on human beings. A tiger that has preyed on man and has tasted human flesh often continues to prey on man.
263 What was called Penny-farthing? The cycle whose front wheel was much larger than the rear wheel. It was invented by James Starley. It was derisively named penny-farthing after the largest and smallest English copper coins of the period.
264 Why does not the moon have an atmosphere? Even if it had some atmosphere, its mass is so low that gravity on the surface is not enough to retain the atmosphere.
265 Name the animal that has the largest eyes in the world? The Atlantic Giant Squid, about 30 cm wide.
266 Who invented the four-stroke Motorcar engine? Nikolaus Otto.
267 What are meteorites? They are rocks or pieces of rocks that enter the atmosphere and are usually burnt out before landing on earth. Some large meteorites can crash against the surface of the earth and cause damage.
268 What did ancient Romans think lightning was? Jupiter's weapon.
269 Are the soldier ants male or female? They are all female.
270 What is the nest of a penguin made of? Pebbles.
271 What are the characteristics of a parasitic plant? They cannot produce their own food and obtain food from other sources.
272 What keeps the sun so hot? A reaction similar to that of a hydrogen bomb takes place continuously in the sun. Two atoms of hydrogen fuse at high temperatures to form an atom of helium. Immense heat is released in this reaction.
273 What is meant by Binary System? We carry out everyday calculations, using the decimal system, with the numbers 1 to 9 and zero. The binary system uses only two numbers 0 and 1. An electric current can be switched on and off using off for 0 and on for 1. Any number can be represented in the binary system.
274 Which was the first spaceship launched by man? Sputnik-I, launched by the Russians
275 What kind of nests do owls build? They don't build nests. They use hollows in trees for laying eggs.
276 Why is polished rice less healthy than unpolished
rice? The husk of food grains (rice, wheat, etc) has Vitamins, much of which are lost when the grains are polished.
277 Which Psychologist devised the IQ test? Alfred Binet.
278 Who discovered Radium? Pierre and Marie Curie.
279 What is the approximate temperature deep inside the sun? 14 million degrees C.
280 What are Epiphytic plants? Plants that grow on other plants for support. These plants however do not take nourishment from the host.
281 Sometimes the eagle spits out pellets from its mouth. What are they? Bones and fur of the prey that are left after the food is digested.
282 What does a ruminant mean? Ruminant is an animal that chews its cud and has a four-chambered stomach. When food is swallowed by a ruminant, it passes into the rumen or paunch, where it is stored, while the animal eats. Chewing and digestion are carried out at leisure. The food passes from the rumen to the reticulum, where it is formed into small masses and pushed up to the mouth to be chewed. When it is swallowed a second time it takes a different route. Gastric digestion takes place and the food passes into the intestine.
283 Who discovered the Planet Uranus? Sir William Herschel.
284 Who invented Television? John Logic Baird.
285 How do dolphins communicate with each other? By producing screeching sounds.
286 Who was the first woman to travel in space? Valentina Tereshkova.
287 What are clouds made of? Tiny droplets of ice or water.
288 What is the disease that causes dogs to turn mad? Rabies.
289 Who conducted the first controlled fission reaction (that led to the making of the atom bomb)? Enrico Fermi.
290 Which was the first satellite launched by India? Aryabhata, in 1975.
291 What is Dry Ice? Solid Carbon Dioxide.
292 Who invented the Radio? G. Marconi (Jagadis Chandra Bose has also been credited with this discovery but his claim has not been recognised).
293 What was the theory of the atom put forward by Rutherford? Rutherford put forward the theory that every atom consists of a tiny nucleus with a positive charge, surrounded by electrons. The electrons are far apart from the nucleus and from one another.
294 Of which element is diamond made of? Carbon.
295 The Pit Viper has poor eyesight. Yet it can locate its prey accurately. How? It has heat sensory cells in the pits between the eye and the nostril, which detect warm-blooded animals.
296 Who first propounded the theory of Evolution of Man? Charles Darwin.
297 From which elements is steel made? Iron and Carbon.
298 Which instrument is used for measuring humidity? Hygrometer.
299 If you speak loudly on the moon, approximately how far can your voice travel? Sound waves need a medium in which they can travel. The atmosphere on the moon is negligible. Hence your voice cannot travel any distance.
300 What is the difference between Toads and Frogs? Toads have a dry warty skin while frogs have a smooth moist skin.


01. Who first discovered that water was produced by burning hydrogen? Henry Cavendish.
302. What are the parts of a comet? Nucleus, coma and tail.
303 Why are the blades of the fan slightly curved? If you wish to carry sand or any solid substance from one place to another, you can carry little if there are straight metal strips. A pail can carry much more. In the case of air, which is a fluid, a slightly curved blade is enough to help circulate air in the room.
304 What is absolute zero temperature? Absolute zero is the temperature at which thermal energy (energy related to heat) vanishes. It corresponds to -273.15 degrees, on the Celsius scale.
305 Who is considered the father of plastic surgery in ancient India? Sushruta. He is best known for the operations he performed called rhinoplasty (remodelling of the nose).
306 What are isotopes? Isotopes are different forms of an element with the same number of protons, but a varying number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. All elements consist of atoms. Atoms have a nucleus, which consists of proton or protons and neutrons. They usually have as many electrons as protons, continuously whirling around the nucleus. Hydrogen has two naturally existing isotopes - one with only a proton and no neutron in its nucleus and another with a neutron and a proton. The first one is commonly known as hydrogen. The second one is rare and is called deuterium or heavy hydrogen. A third isotope, called tritium, is artificially produced. Tritium has one proton and two neutrons.
307 Who discovered the cause of malaria? Ronald Ross.
308 Which planet has a moon named Titan? Saturn.
309 Name the largest bone in the human body. Femur (in the thigh).
310 What is the source of all energy on earth? The sun.
311 What was the name of the instrument used by Jagadis Chandra Bose to measure sensitivity of plants? Crescograph.
312 How long do banyan trees live? Banyan trees seem to live for hundreds of years. Aerial roots develop from its branches and they take root in the soil. Over the years these roots turn into sturdy trunks, which too grow roots and the cycle continues. It is said that the entire army of Alexander had taken shelter under one such banyan tree.
313 Which part of the plant do you eat when you eat carrots? Roots.
314 Who was the first man to travel in space? Yuri Gagarin.
315 What is reinforced concrete? Reinforced concrete is ordinary concrete which has steel rods fixed in it.
316 What is meant by latent heat? Heat absorbed when a substance changes its state without changes in temperature, e.g. water boils at 100°C. When we heat it further the temperature is not raised but the heat is absorbed.
317 In ancient India shells of a sea-animal were used as money. What were they called? Cowries.
318 How does spraying kerosene on marshes reduce mosquitoes? A film of oil is produced which prevents the larvae of the mosquitoes from having access to the oxygen in the atmosphere.
319 How many bones are there in an adult human being? 206.
320 Who is considered to be the father of Geometry? Euclid.
321 What is the study of sound called? Acoustics.
322 Which was the first satellite India launched from Indian soil using an Indian launch vehicle, SLV3? Rohini Satellite (RSI).
323 What are bacteria? Where are they found? Bacteria formerly classified as plants are now classified separately as Prokaryotes. They are so small that we can see them only with a microscope. They are found almost everywhere. Bacteria cause and spread diseases, but there are many bacteria that are helpful to man. Bacteria are responsible for converting grape juice into wine and milk into curd.
324 What is the name of the instrument that records heart beat? Cardiograph.
325 Who discovered the connection between magnetism
and electricity? Hans Christian Oersted.
326 Who discovered the presence of neutrons in the nucleus of elements? Physicist James Chadwick.
327 At what temperature does water become ice? Zero degrees on the Celsius scale.
328 What do deciduous trees mean? Trees that shed leaves in autumn are called deciduous trees.
329 The electric discharge of which fish is the most powerful? South American Electric Eel.
330 What is the name for power generated from water? Hydroelectricity.
331 How is sound produced? Basically sound is produced when a vibrating body sets air molecules in motion. Musical instruments produce sounds by vibrating strings. The vibration and waves that are produced reach the ear, which passes the vibrations to the brain. To test this take a steel tumbler and tap on it with a metallic spoon. Sound is produced. Hold the edge of the tumbler between two fingers. The sound stops. This illustrates the importance of vibration in producing sound.
332 How are motion pictures made? When the eyes see an image, they hold onto it in the form of a visual memory for a fraction of a second after it is gone. In a motion picture, the projector flashes still pictures quickly in succession. The usual numbers of pictures that are projected per second are 24. Because of persistence of vision, the picture seems to be one continuous moving picture.
333 From which part of the plant, is ginger that we eat obtained? From the stem.
334 Who was the first person to find out that microscopic organisms are responsible for milk, wine, etc turning sour? Louis Pasteur.
335 What is the meaning of the word Hippopotamus? River Horse.
336 Who invented the Hovercraft? Christopher Cockerell.
337 Who discovered Vitamins? Christopher Eijkman - though he did not use the word, vitamin.
338 Who coined the word Vitamin? CasimirFunk.
339 Why does the planet Mars appear red? Due to the highly oxidised surface of the planet.
340 Name the Vitamin that prevents night blindness. Vitamin A.
341 Where do sea plants obtain carbon dioxide to manufacture their food? From dissolved gases
342 Who is considered as the father of modern Medicine? Hippocrates.
343 How does an Octopus camouflage itself? By changing its colour and merging with the background.
344 Who first proved that lightning is an electric charge coming down to the earth? Benjamin Franklin.
345 What are cosmic rays? Cosmic rays are radiation from outer space, which bombard the earth. They constantly strike the molecules of the earth's upper atmosphere. As a result, additional radiations are produced. The atmosphere absorbs most of these rays.
346 What is a cocoon? It is a silk case, that covers a caterpillar before it becomes a moth (butterfly). After the caterpillar is completely wrapped in its cocoon, it sleeps through the winter.
347 What does the acronym LASER stand for? Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of Radiation.
348 How is cement obtained? Heating a mixture of limestone and clay.
349 Name the only mammal, other than man, that can walk upright? Gibbon.
350 Which disease is caused by insufficiency of iodine in the diet? Goitre.
351 What are molluscs? A class of animals with a soft body and no bones.
352 Which animal has the longest life span? Tortoise.
353 How is the glow of a firefly caused? When certain proteins get oxidised, in the presence of an enzyme called luciferase, light is produced. Fireflies have special light organs on the underside of the abdomen. Here in the presence of luciferase, light is produced.
354 Who first enunciated the laws of heredity? Gregor Johann Mendel
355 What does the acronym, SONAR, stand for? Sound Navigation and Ranging.
356 What are comets? Comets are heavenly bodies that travel around the sun. When they are near the sun, they look like stars with long glowing tails. Halley's comet appears once in about 76 - 78 years. Some comets appear near the sun only once in millions of years. A comet has a head, which looks like a star. The head is surrounded by a coma or a fuzzy hood. The tail may be millions of kilometres long.
357 Why does a metal rod feel cooler than a piece of wood? Metals are good conductors of heat. When we touch a metallic rod, it takes away the heat from the hand and feels cooler. A piece of wood is a bad conductor of heat and therefore it does not take away the heat from our hands.
358 Why does a jet of water come out of a whale's back? It is air, exhaled by the whale.
359 How many teeth do sheep have on their upper jaw? None.
360 How are helicopters useful in rescue operations? A helicopter can move up, take off or land easily from small clear areas. Hence they are useful in dropping food or rescuing stranded people. It has a rotor, which enables it to rise up or go down, vertically.
361 How can lizards walk on walls? The base of their paws has cuplike structures that stick to the walls. This enables them to move even on walls.
362 How does a perfume spread to the corners of any room even though there is no breeze? Molecules of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases in the air keep on spreading all around them.
363 Where does light fall inside the eye? Retina.
364 Chlorine is very injurious to health. So is sodium. The table salt we use is sodium chloride. Why is it not dangerous to health? It must be noted that a compound formed from two or more elements need not have a single property of its constituent elements. Sodium and Chlorine combine to form table salt, which is healthy (in small amounts). Water, which sustains life, is formed from hydrogen and oxygen. The properties of hydrogen as well as oxygen are not found in water.
365 How does a frog breathe under water? Through its skin.
366 What is the difference between a tortoise and a turtle? Tortoise is the name applied to the terrestrial species and turtle is the name applied to the aquatic species.
367 What is meant by sublimation in chemistry? Conversion of a substance from solid state to vapour state (without the intervening liquid state) is sublimation. For example, iodine sublimates from its solid state to vapour.
368 What are the sieve like plates in a whale's mouth called? Baleens.
369 Why do people cover ice slabs with sawdust? Sawdust is a bad conductor of heat and slows down the melting of ice.
370 Why are droplets formed on the outer surface of a glass when cold water is poured into it? The moisture in the air condenses on the cool outer surface of the glass.
371 Why is food preserved in a refrigerator? Most bacteria are destroyed as the temperature of the surroundings rises. Temperatures higher than 40° C do not favour growth of bacteria. Similarly low temperatures prevent bacteria from multiplying. Hence food is preserved in the refrigerator by keeping its contents at low temperature.
372 Why do we feel sleepy after a heavy meal? The blood circulation to the digestive tract increases. As a result the blood circulation to the brain is reduced. This makes us sleepy.
373 Which organs in the human body filter waste products from the blood? Kidneys.
374 Which organs are most damaged when a person consumes much liquor? Liver and stomach.
375 What does Aurora mean? Bright patches of light are seen at high latitudes above 60° north or south. They are named Aurora Borealis (northern lights) or Aurora Australis (southern lights) depending on their position. The term "Aurora Polaris", polar lights, is a general name for both. The aurora consists of rapidly shifting patches and dancing columns of light of various hues.
376 Which vitamins are soluble in water? Vitamins of the B and C group.
377 What is the composition of perspiration? Mostly water with a little salt.
378 Which gland in the human body produces insulin? Pancreas.
379 What is the principal enzyme in the gastric juice? Pepsin.
380 What is the vaccination given to prevent polio? Salk Vaccine. It was discovered by Jonas Edward Salk in 1952. The theory behind the Salk Vaccine is that a virus that has been killed cannot infect or multiply, but it can still produce antibodies against that particular virus. The vaccine was tested first on monkeys and eventually on children, including Dr. Safk's three children, before it was released for nationwide distribution.
381 What are Pachyderms? Animals with thick skin like elephants and rhinoceros.
382 Why is it that some people have a dark skin? The dark colour of the skin is due to a pigment called melanin. On exposure to sunlight, man's skin undergoes gradual tanning to protect the skin from injurious solar rays.
383 Which Vitamin helps in preventing rickets? Vitamin-D.
384 Which is the second most common element on the
earth's surface? Silicon.
385 Which planet is known as the red planet? Mars.
386 What does a lizard do when its life is in danger? The lizard discards its tail to divert the attention of its enemy.
387 Why is the housefly considered a health hazard? On their legs they may carry millions of germs. When they rest on a food plate, these may be transferred to the object they rest on.
388 Which metal is also called quicksilver? Mercury.
389 What is the main food of a Koala bear? Eucalyptus leaves.
390 If hair is dead tissue, how does it grow? It is true that hair consists of Keratin, a dead tissue. But the hair is lodged in a follicle located a little below the scalp, which is very much alive. This is where the growth takes place. The living hair pushes up the dead tissue. That living tissue also dies and is pushed up. Pull out a hair and you will feel pain and understand the truth of this statement.
391 What is meant by Acid Rain? When there is a substantial amount of sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, etc in the rain, it is referrec to as acid rain.
392 What is the common food of the Blue Whale? A shrimp like creature called krill.
393 What is Betelgeuse? It is one of the brightest stars visible in the night sky, It is in the constellation, Orion. It is also called Alpha Orionis, It takes about 300 years for the light from Betelgeuse to reach the earth.
394 How long do elephants live? 65 to 100 years.
395 What do a koala bear, opossum, wombat and bandicoot have in common? They are all Marsupials, i.e. they carry their young ones in pouches.
396 Name the person who first discovered the presence of Microbes. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek.
397 How do mother animals recognize their babies? By their smell.
398 Why do water pipes burst in hill stations? There is an unusual expansion of water, when its temperature goes below 4° C. Instead of contracting, the water begins to expand till ice is formed at zero degrees Celsius. Unable to bear the pressure, the pipe bursts.
399 Which animal shoots its quill and hurts the enemy? Porcupine.
400 Who made the first electric motor? Michael Faraday.
401 Who first used electrolysis for isolating elements? Sir Humphry Davy.
402 Who first put forward the Atomic Theory that all matter is made of atoms, held together by some force of attraction? John Dalton.
403 Is it true that the age of a tree can be known by studying its rings? Yes, each year during spring a light ring grows just inside the bark of the tree. During summer and autumn, the ring that grows is darker. Too little sunlight, too little moisture or injury results in a smaller and darker ring. After counting the rings, we can assess the age of the tree.
404 How does the rotation and revolution of the earth affect our lives? The earth rotates on its axis even while it revolves around the sun. The rotation results in night and day. As the earth revolves around the sun, it also tilts on its axis. This tilt causes changes in the earth's position, which results in the seasons.
405 Who found out that oxygen is present in both water and air? Antoine Lavoisier.
406 Which Vitamin is important for the health of bones? Vitamin D.
407 Why do animals like rats and squirrels keep gnawing at things? Gnawing helps wear down their teeth. If they did not gnaw at things their teeth would keep on growing.
408 Who was the first woman of Indian origin to travel in a space vehicle? Kalpana Chawla.
409 Why does a snake flick its tongue so often? To smell the surroundings.
410 What is the scientific name for man? Homo Sapien.
411 Who is considered to be the father of modern experimental science? Galileo Galilei.
412 What is the name of our galaxy? Milky Way.
413 How is petroleum formed? Remains of plants and tiny animals that lived millions of years ago remain buried and turn into petroleum.
414 What is a mirage? How is it caused? A mirage is a reflection, caused by the bending of light rays. When we ride along highways particularly in arid regions, we see a reflection ahead, which looks like water. This is caused by a dense layer of warm air near the surface of the earth. Light rays from the sky are reflected toward one's line of vision - what one sees is a reflection of the sky and not water.
415 How is oxygen formed in the atmosphere? In the presence of chlorophyll, a chemical reaction takes place in the leaves using carbon dioxide in the air and water transported from the roots. As a result of the chemical reaction, starch is produced. Oxygen is the by-product of this reaction.
416 Which is the juice secreted in die liver which helps digestion? Bile.
417 What is meant by the word 'frequency' of a sound? Frequency is defined as the number of vibrations per second. It must be noted that sound is caused as a result of vibrations in air columns or strings or objects. Sound travels in waves.
418 Which is the longest poisonous snake in die world? King Cobra
419 What is the tendency of plants to grow towards sunlight called? Phototropism.
420 Why do snakes shed their skin? Unlike human beings, whose growth stops around 20 years, snakes keep on growing. This becomes possible because they keep casting off old skin and develop new skin, when the old one is shed.
421 Why does it take longer to cook food at high altitudes? The atmospheric pressure at high altitudes is much lower than at sea level. The greater the pressure, the faster the cooking.
422 What is the use of the ozone layer in the earth's atmosphere? It bounces off ultraviolet radiation.
423 How do we get heat and light from the sun? Through radiation.
424 How do insects breathe? Insects breathe through the tiny holes in their body.
425 Why doesn't ice sink in water? Ice is lighter than water. After the temperature of water cools down to 4° Celsius (instead of contracting) water keeps on expanding till it reaches 0° Celsius and becomes ice.
426 Apart from earth on which other planet in the solar system does life exist? Nowhere else. As we know it.
427 What is meant by the Water Table? Water filters down the surface of the ground and is absorbed and stored by soil and rocks in a zone of saturation. The top of this zone is called Water Table. During drought, the Water Table too goes down.
428 Who is known as the father of computers? Charles Babbage.
429 Why do we feel hungrier in winter? In winter we need energy to maintain the body temperature in addition to sustaining normal activities of the body. To meet this requirement of energy we eat more.
430 Can you give ah example of reflex action? Knee jerk. It is the involuntary kick caused by a blow on the tendon just below the knee.
431 What is an electrocardiograph? The electrocardiograph is an electrical instrument, which records the activity of the heart muscle. As the heart beats, several activities take place in a regular! order. The electrocardiograph records changes that occur in a regular order, during a complete heartbeat.
432 Which bird can rotate its head by 180 degrees on either side? The Owl.
433 Man, dogs, cats, horses have lungs through which they breathe. How do smaller animals like fish, earthworm, etc obtain their requirement of oxygen? Earthworms also respire. They use their moist skin to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen. The fishes use their gills to respire. Even frogs in the tadpole stage use their skin for respiring. Reptiles such as snakes and turtles and even birds breathe through lungs.
434 What are the uses of snake venom? It is helpful in curing many ailments affecting the nervous system.
435 What is the major element a star is made of? Hydrogen
436 Where does a female butterfly lay its eggs? Under side of leaves.
437 Who invented the miner's safety camp? Sir Humphry Davy.
438 Name the world's largest rodent and where is it found. Capybara found in the Amazon jungles of South America.
439 What is the chemical name of baking soda? Sodium Bicarbonate.
440 What is Telepathy? Telepathy is direct communication of thought from one person to another, without using any physical channels of communication. Though there are many who claim telepathy is possible, there has been no positive proof of the existence of telepathy.
441 What is ultrasound? Human beings cannot hear sound waves which have frequencies above 20,000 vibrations per second. This is termed ultrasound.
442 Who was the scientist who initiated the Atomic Energy Programme of India? Homi Bhabha.
443 Who invented the rigid airship? Ferdinand Von Zeppelin.
444 Who invented the calculator? Blaise Pascal.
445 From which element was the first Atom Bomb made? Uranium 235.
446 Who invented the diesel engine? Rudolf Diesel.
447 Who made the first locomotive that had successful
runs? George Stephenson.
448 What is paper made of? Mainly wood pulp.
449 Name the Chinese method of curing ailments by using needles? Acupuncture.
450 What causes rusting? How can it be prevented? Metals like iron are often exposed to moisture. Rusting is the process of oxidation occurring when the iron and air slowly combine to form iron oxides. Oil is often used to slow down rusting. When a coat of paint or varnish is given to a metal, this also prevents (reduces) oxidation.